Abstract：Objective: To explore the diagnosis and treatment of the transitional cell carcinoma of synchronous bilateral upper urinary tracts. Methods: The clinical data of 11 cases with transitional cell carcinoma of synchronousbilateral upper urinary tracts were retrieved from July 1994 to December 2014, including one male and ten females. All of these 11 patients were with renal insufficiency and painless hematuria. The diagnosis was confirmed by examining ultrasound, retrograde pyelography, CT or MRU and ureteroscope. Retroperitoneal laparoscopic nephroureterectomy were performedfor4 patients and open nephroureterectomy for one. 2 cases were operated by open nephroureterectomy on one side and percutaneous nephrostomy on contralateral side. The rest rejected operation. Results: All of the results of the pathological examination weretransitional cell carcinoma. The mean follow-up for these patients was 37 months (range from11 to 113 months). Duringthe follow-up period,6 cases died and 1 casegenerated bladder tumor after operation. Conclusions: Partial nephrectomy or nephroureterectomy could be a priority choice for Synchronous bilateral transitional cell carcinoma according to renal function. Post-operative examination should be taken regularly for the one with partial nephrectomy.
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