Abstract：Objective： To explore the clinical pathological characteristics and improve the recognition in the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) of prostate. Methods： One case of BCC of prostate was reported and the relevant literature was reviewed to analyze the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of this disease. Results： Grossly, the tumor was located in the bladder neck under a cystoscope. Microscopically, the tumor presented as lobulation, neoplastic cells in the lobules were arranged in nests or pseudoadenoids, occasionally the cells were arranged in a cribriform pattern. In the periphery of the nests, the tumor cells were arranged in paliform. The basophilic secretions or amyloid corpuscle could be seen in part of the cavities. The tumor cells were oval and spindle shaped and the nuclear atypia was mild. The tumor cells had rare mitotic figures. There were focal adenoid structures around the tumor. The glands were arranged in a double layer of cells (basal cells and glandular epithelial cells), among them, basal cells and tumor cells had migration. Immunohistochemistry suggested the same source (both coming from basal cells). Combined with the onset of parts (near the prostate), morphological and immunohistochemical analyses, the source of prostate gland adenoid BCC was confirmed. Postoperative patients recovered well and no incontinence and blood in the urine.The patients were followed up for 3 months without tumor recurrence or metastasis. Conclusions： Prostatic BCC is a rare malignant tumor of the prostate, having inert biological behavior, but recently a number of literature reports confirmed that it may be a kind of aggressive tumors, so radical prostatectomy should be the first choice of treatment of BCC.
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