Progress of Surgical Procedures for Vesicovaginal Fistula: A Review
CHEN Yongbo1, RAN Ke2, LUO Runtian3, JIANG Qing3
1Department of Urology, Peoples Hospital of Deyang City, Deyang 618000, China; 2Department of Urology, Rongchang Renmin Hospital; 3Department of Urology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University
Abstract：With the increase of demand for quality of life, more and more patients and urologists payed attention to vesicovaginal fistula （VVF） due to its enormous physical and mental damage. At present, most experts recommend to repair the fistula completely for the first time, while ensuring the success rate and avoiding the second operation. The clinicians are required to select the appropriate surgical plan carefully. Therefore, we reviewed the various surgical methods of VVF and its progress.
[1] TANCER ML.Observations on prevention and management of vesicovaginal fistula after total hysterectomy. Surg Gynecol Obstet, 1992,175(6):501-506. [2] ANGIOLI R, PENALVER M, MUZII L, et al.Guidelines of how to manage vesicovaginal fistula. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol, 2003,48(3):295-304. [3] MCCURDIE FK, MOFFATT J, JONES K.Vesicovaginal fistula in Uganda. J Obstet Gynaecol, 2018,38(6):822-827. [4] HILTON P, CROMWELL DA.The risk of vesicovaginal and urethrovaginal fistula after hysterectomy performed in the English National Health Service--a retrospective cohort study examining patterns of care between 2000 and 2008. BJOG, 2012,119(12):1447-1454. [5] PENALVER M, ANGIOLI R.Urinary diversion. Chapter 11. //Glenn Hurt W, editor. Urogynecologicsurgery. Second ed. Lippincot-Raven Press, 2000:193-206. [6] LATZKO W.Postoperative vesicovaginal fistulas; genesis and therapy. Am J Surg, 1942,58:211. [7] MOSES RA, ANN GE.State of the art for treatment of vesicovaginal fistula. CurrUrol Rep, 2017,18(8):60. [8] BODNER-ADLER B, HANZAL E, PABLIK E, et al.Management of vesicovaginal fistulas (VVFs) in women following benign gynaecologic surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoSOne, 2017,12(2):e0171554. [9] COHEN BL, GOUSSE AE.Current techniques for vesicovaginal fistula repair: surgical pearls to optimize cure rate. CurrUrol Rep, 2007,8(5):413-418. [10] ANSQUER Y, MELLIER G, SANTULLI P, et al.Latzko operation for vault vesicovaginal fistula. Acta ObstetGynecol Scand, 2006,85(10):1248-1251. [11] DORAIRAJAN LN, KHATTAR N, KUMAR S, et al.Latzko repair for vesicovaginal fistula revisited in the era of minimal-access surgery. Int Urol Nephrol, 2008,40(2):317-320. [12] TENGGARDJAJA CF, GOLDMAN HB.Advances in minimally invasive repair of vesicovaginal fistulas. CurrUrol Rep, 2013,14(3):253-261. [13] HONG HM, LEE JW, HAN DY, et al.Vesicovaginal fistula repair using a transurethral pointed electrode. Int Neurourol J, 2010,14(1):65-68. [14] EILBER KS, KAVALER E, RODRÍGUEZ LV, et al. Ten-year experience with transvaginal vesicovaginal fistula repair using tissue interposition. J Urol, 2003,169(3):1033-1036. [15] HEO C, EUN S, BAEK R, et al.Vesicovaginal fistula repair with genito-gluteal fold fat pad flap. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg, 2008,61(3):323-325. [16] SINGH V, SINHA RJ, SANKHWAR SN, et al.Transvaginal repair of complex and complicated vesicovaginal fistulae. Int J Gynaecol Obstet, 2011,114(1):51-55. [17] DEENA HE, MADJAR S, POLITANO VA, et al.Interposition flaps in transabdominal vesicovaginal fistula repairs: are they really necessary? Urology, 2001,57(4):670-674. [18] WM A, RAJIH E, ALKHUDAIR W.Interposition flaps in vesicovaginal fistula repairs can optimize cure rate. Urol Ann, 2013,5(4):270-272. [19] FARAHAT YA, ELBENDARY M, ELGAMAL OM, et al.Application of small intestinal submucosa graft for repair of complicated vesicovaginal fistula: a pilot study. J Urol, 2012,188(3):861-864. [20] LUO DY, SHEN H.Transvaginal repair of apical vesicovaginal fistula:a modified latzko Technique-Outcomes at a high-volume referral center. Eur Urol, 2019,76(1):84-88. [21] GHOSH B, WATS V, PAL DK.Comparative analysis of outcome between laparoscopic versus open surgical repair for vesico-vaginal fistula. ObstetGynecol Sci, 2016,59(6):525-529. [22] XIONG Y, TANG YH, HUANG F, et al.Transperitoneal laparoscopic repair of vesicovaginal fistula for patients with supratrigonal fistula: comparison with open transperitoneal technique. Int Urogynecol J, 2016,27(9):1415-1422. [23] MELAMUD O, EICHEL L, TURBOW B, et al.Laparoscopic vesicovaginal fistula repair with robotic Reconstruction. Urology, 2005,65(1):163-166. [24] DUTTO L, O'REILLY B. Robotic repair of vesico-vaginal fistula with perisigmoid fat flap interposition: state of the art for a challenging case? Int Urogynecol J, 2013,24(12):2029-2030. [25] JAIRATH A, B SS, MISHRA S, et al. Robotic repair of vesicovaginal fistula--initial experience. Int Braz J Urol, 2016,42(1):168-169. [26] MEDINA LG, HERNANDEZ A, SEVILLA C, et al.Robotic uterine-sparing vesicovaginal fistula repair. Int Urogynecol J, 2018,29(12):1845-1847. [27] MARTINI A, DATTOLO E, FRIZZI J, et al.Robotic vesico-vaginal fistula repair with no omental flap interposition. Int Urogynecol J, 2016,27(8):1277-1278. [28] WATTS KL, HO R, GHAVAMIAN R, et al.Robot-assisted extravesical vesicovaginal fistula repair utilizing laparoscopically mobilized omental flap interposition. Int Urogynecol J, 2017,28(4):641-644. [29] KELLY E, WU MY, MACMILLAN JB.Robotic-assisted vesicovaginal fistula repair using an extravesical approach without interposition grafting. J Robot Surg, 2018,12(1):173-176. [30] SINGH V, SINHA RJ, MEHROTRA S, et al.Repair of vesicovaginal fistula by the transabdominal route: outcome at a North Indian tertiary hospital. Int Urogynecol J, 2012,23(4):411-416. [31] GHOSH B, BISWAL DK, BERA MK, et al.Laparoscopic vesicovaginal fistula repair with limited cystotomy: a rewarding treatment option. J ObstetGynaecol India, 2016,66(Suppl 1):370-376. [32] JAMES MH, TISDALE BE, DAVIES TO, et al.The urachal flap: a previously unreported tissue flap in vesicovaginal fistula repair. Female Pelvic Med Reconstr Surg, 2013,19(3):148-151. [33] HELLENTHAL NJ, NANIGIAN DK, AMBERT L, et al.Limited anterior cystotomy: a useful alternative to the vaginal approach for vesicovaginal fistula repair. Urology, 2007,70(4):797-798. [34] ABDEL-KARIM AM, MOUSSA A, ELSALMY S.Laparoendoscopic single-site surgery extravesical repair of vesicovaginal fistula: early experience. Urology, 2011,78(3):567-571. [35] BORA GS, SINGH S, MAVUDURU RS, et al.Robot-assisted vesicovaginal fistula repair:a safe and feasible technique. Int Urogynecol J, 2017,28(6):957-962. [36] ABDEL-KARIM AM, MOUSA A, HASOUNA M, et al.Laparoscopic transperitoneal extravesical repair of vesicovaginal fistula. Int Urogynecol J, 2011,22(6):693-697. [37] BRANDT FT, LORENZATO FR, ALBUQUERQUE CD.Treatment of vesicovaginal fistula by bladder mucosa autograft technique. J Am Coll Surg, 1998,186(6):645-648. [38] TAYLOR JS, HEWSON AD, RACHOW P, et al.Synchronous combined transvaginal-transvesical repair of vesicovaginal fistulas. Aust N Z J Surg, 1980,50(1):23-25. [39] OSTAD M, UZZO RG, COLEMAN J, et al.Use of a free bladder mucosal graft for simple repair of vesicovaginal fistulae. Urology, 1998,52(1):123-126. [40] XIE M, ZHENG D, YAO H, et al.Vesicovaginal fistula repair through combined transurethral and transvaginal approaches: A case series study. J Gynecol Obstet Hum Reprod, 2018,47(9):487-490. [41] SINGH R, SCHMITT JJ, KNOEDLER JJ, et al.Management of a vesicovaginal fistula using Holmium laser ablation. Int Urogynecol J, 2016,27(6):969-971. [42] DOGRA PN, SAINI AK.Laser welding of vesicovaginal fistula--outcome analysis and long-term outcome: single-centre experience. Int Urogynecol J, 2011,22(8):981-984. [43] DOGRA PN, NABI G.Laser welding of vesicovaginal fistula. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct, 2001,12(1):69-70. [44] AKKOC A, AYDIN C, UCAR M, et al.Transvesicoscopic Bipolar Sealing of Vesicovaginal Fistula.J Endourol Case Rep, 2018,4(1):94-96. [45] MCKAY H.Vesicovaginal fistula repair: transurethral suture cystorrhaphy as a minimally invasive alternative. J Endourol, 2004,18(5):487-490. [46] OCCHINO JA, HOKENSTAD ED, LINDER BJ.Robot-assisted vesicovaginal fistula repair via a transvesical approach. Int Urogynecol J, 2019,30(2):327-329. [47] SHIRVAN MK, ALAMDARI DH, GHOREIFI A.A novel method for iatrogenic vesicovaginal fistula treatment: autologous platelet rich plasma injection and platelet rich fibrin glue interposition. J Urol, 2013,189(6):2125-2129. [48] ANGIOLI R, ESTAPE R, CANTUARIA G, et al.Urinary complications of Miami pouch: trend of conservative management. Am J Obstet Gynecol, 1998,179(2):343-348. [49] PANNEK J, SENGE T.History of urinary diversion. Urol Int, 1998,60(1):1-10. [50] HAUTMANN RE.Urinary diversion highlights. Eur Urol, 2006,50(6):1139-1141.
