Abstract：Objective: To compare the effects and postoperative complications of microscopic varicocelectomy (MV) and laparoscopic varicocelectomy (LV) in the treatment of varicocele (VC). Methods: We assigned 87 VC patients to two groups randomly: group A (n=47), receiving MV, and the rest (n=41) given LV as group B. The semen parameters before and 6 months after surgery, as well as the post-operative hospital stay, the post-operative recurrence, the post-operative complications, and the recovery of the semen quality were compared between two groups. Results: Surgeries for all the patients were successful, and no significant difference in the post-operative hospital stay between the two groups (P>0.05). During a follow-up period of 12 months, the recurrence rate showed no significant difference between two groups (P>0.05). However, the complications rate was significantly lower in group A than in group B (One case of orchiatrophy and two cases of hydrocele in group B). In addition, after 6 months of follow-up, the quality of semen was significantly increased in the both groups, however, the sperm concentration, aberration rate and A+B grade sperm rate were significantly different between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: MV and LV are valid for improving the quality of semen for VC patients, while MV is superior to LV for its minimal invasiveness, lower incidence of postoperative complications and it can make the patients recover more quickly, which is regarded as an effective method for the treatment of VC.
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